How to test the quality of waterproof density board

Inspection of the quality of waterproof density board (also known as waterproof fiberboard, density board) involves multiple aspects of testing, including physical properties, water resistance, strength, etc. Here are some common inspection methods:

1. Appearance inspection
Flatness: Check whether the surface of the board is flat, without obvious defects such as warping, deformation, cracks, etc.
Surface smoothness: Observe whether the surface is smooth, whether there are obvious scratches, bubbles or impurities.
Color: Whether the color is uniform and whether there is color difference. Especially for boards produced in different batches, too large color differences may affect the use effect.
2. Density test
Method: Use the weighing method to measure the mass and volume of the waterproof density board and calculate its density.
Standard: Usually the density range of density board should be 600-900 kg/m³ (the specific standard varies according to different types and brands). Too low density may mean that the structure of the board is not tight enough and easy to deform; too high density may increase the material cost.
3. Water resistance test
Water absorption test: Cut the waterproof density board into small pieces, soak it in water for a certain period of time (such as 24 hours), and then take it out to measure its water absorption. Higher water absorption may indicate poor waterproofing.
Method: After soaking, wipe with a damp cloth and weigh the dry weight and wet weight. Water absorption = (wet weight – dry weight) / dry weight × 100%. The water absorption of high-quality waterproof density board should be less than 10%.
Strength test after immersion: After soaking the board in water for a certain period of time, measure its compressive strength, bending strength or tensile strength. A good waterproof density board should maintain high strength after water immersion.
4. Bending strength test
Method: Use a three-point bending test to measure the bending strength of waterproof density board. During the test, place the board between two supporting points and apply uniform force until the board bends or breaks. According to the standard, the bending strength of the board should meet certain requirements.
Standard: Common bending strength is generally required to be greater than 20 MPa (the specific standard may vary depending on different models).
5. Hardness test
Method: Use a hardness tester (such as a Mohs hardness tester or a Shore hardness tester) to test the hardness of the board surface.
Standard: The hardness of waterproof density board should meet certain standards to ensure that it is not easily scratched or damaged during use.
6. Formaldehyde emission detection
Method: Since density board is usually made of wood fiber combined with adhesive (such as urea-formaldehyde resin), formaldehyde emission is a key safety indicator. The formaldehyde emission can be detected by standard test methods such as “climate chamber method” or “closed chamber method”.
Standard: Different countries and regions have different restrictions on formaldehyde emission. For example, the EU E1 standard requires that the formaldehyde emission does not exceed 0.1mg/L.
7. Thermal stability test
Method: Place the waterproof density board in a certain temperature environment (such as 60-80°C) to observe whether it deforms, cracks or decreases in strength after long-term exposure.
Standard: The board should be able to withstand temperature changes within a certain range without performance degradation.
8. Combustion performance detection
Method: The combustion performance of the board is determined by a combustion test, usually using a flame test or calorimeter.
Standard: Waterproof density board may need to meet certain fire protection standards in some applications, such as non-combustible or flame retardant grades.
9. Thermal conductivity test
Method: Understand the thermal insulation effect of waterproof density board by measuring thermal conductivity.
Standard: Usually there are certain requirements for thermal insulation materials, and high-quality waterproof density board should have lower thermal conductivity.
10. Field test of waterproof performance
Method: The actual waterproof effect of waterproof density board can be checked by applying it to actual waterproof occasions (such as bathrooms, kitchens, floors, etc.).
Standard: If waterproof density board is used in construction or home decoration, it should be able to effectively isolate water and avoid expansion or deformation caused by moisture.